Latin American music refers to music from Latin America, the Latin American and Caribbean country of love and territory in the south of the United States. Latin American music also combines African music from slaves transported to America by European settlers as well as music from Native Americans. Because of its highly syncretic nature, Latin American music encompasses a variety of styles, including influential genres such as bachata, bossa nova, merengue, rumba, salsa, samba, son, and tango. During the 20th century, many styles were influenced by American music that gave rise to genres such as Latin pop, rock, jazz, hip hop, and reggaeton.
Geographically, this usually refers to Latin and Spanish speaking areas in Latin America, but occasionally covers the countries and territories of Francophone in the Caribbean and South America as well. It also includes Latin American styles from the United States such as salsa and Tejano. The origins of Latin American music can be traced back to the Spanish and Portuguese conquest in America in the 16th century, when European settlers brought their music from abroad. Latin American music is performed in Spanish, Portuguese, and to a lesser extent, French.
Video Music of Latin America
Popular music styles by country and region
ArgentinaTango is probably the most famous music genre in Argentina, famous worldwide. Other styles include Chacarera, Milonga, Zamba and ChamamÃÆ'Â ©. Modern rhythms include Cuarteto (music from the Province of Cordoba) and Electrotango.
The Argentine rock (locally known as rock nacional ) was most popular during the 1980s, and remains the most popular music in Argentina. Rock en EspaÃÆ' Â ± ol was first popular in Argentina, then sweeping other American and Spanish Hispanic countries. The movement was known as the "Argentine Wave." Europe greatly affects this sound when immigrants bring their musical style with them.
Bolivia
Bolivian music is perhaps the strongest associated with indigenous peoples among South American national styles. After Aymara's nationalistic period and the Quechuan culture of 1950 became more widely accepted, and their folk music evolved into a more pop-like sound. Los Kjarkas plays an important role in this fusion. Other forms of original music (such as huayÃÆ' Â ± os and caporales) are also widely played. Cumbia is another popular genre. There are also less well-known regional forms, such as music from Santa Cruz and Tarija (where styles like Cueca and Chacarera are popular).
Brazil
Brazil is a large and diverse country with a long history of popular musical development, ranging from early 20th century samba innovations to modern MÃÆ'ºsica popular brasileira . Bossa nova is internationally renowned, and ForrÃÆ'³ (pronounced [fo '??] ) is also widely known and popular in Brazil. Lambada is influenced by rhythms such as cumbia and merengue. Funk carioca is also a very popular style.
Chile
Many music genres come from Chile; one of the most popular is Chilean Romantic Cumbia, exemplified by artists such as Americo and Leo Rey. Nueva CanciÃÆ'³n originated in the 1960s and 1970s and spread in popularity until Chile's 1973 coup, when most musicians were arrested, killed or exiled.
In Central Chile, several styles can be found: Cueca (national dance), Tonni , Refalosa , Sajuriana , Zapateado, Cuando and Vals. In the Norte Grande region the traditional music resembles southern music of PerÃÆ'º and western Bolivia, and is known as Andean music. This music, which reflects the spirit of the native Altiplano, is an inspiration for Nueva canciÃÆ'³n. The ChiloÃÆ' Â © Archipelago has a unique musical-folk style, because of the isolation of the cultural center of Santiago and Lima.
Music from Chilean Polynesia, music Rapa Nui, comes from Polynesian culture rather than colonial society or European influence.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica's music is represented by musical expression as parrandera, Tambito, waltz, bolero, gang, calypso, chiquichiqui, mento the run and callera. They emerge from the process of migration and historical exchange between indigenous, European and African. Typical instruments are quijongo, marimba, ocarinas, low drawers, Sabak, bamboo flute, accordion, mandolin and guitar.
Cuba
Cuba has produced many musical genres, and a number of musicians in various styles. Mixed styles range from danzÃÆ'³n to rumba.
Colombia
Colombian music can be divided into four music zones: Atlantic coast, Pacific coast, Andean region and Los Llanos. Atlantic music features rhythms like cumbia, porros and mapalÃÆ'Â ©. Music from the Pacific coast features such a rhythm as the currulao-influenced by Spanish influences-- and Jota chocoana (along with more dominant forms of afro-drum music) - is colored with African and Aboriginal influences. Andean Colombians are heavily influenced by the rhythms and instruments of Spain, and are distinctly different from the original music of Peru or Bolivia. Typical shapes include bambuco, pasillo guabina and torbellino, played with pianos and string instruments like tiple guitarra . Los Llanos music, mÃÆ'ºsica llanera , is usually accompanied by a harp, a cuatro (a four-string guitar) and a marakas. It has a lot in common with music from Llanos Venezuela.
Apart from these traditional forms, the two newer styles of music have conquered most of the country: la salsa , which has spread throughout the Pacific coast and vallenato , originating from La Guajira and CÃÆ'Â sar (on the northern Caribbean coast). The latter is based on European accordion music. Merengue music is also heard. More recently, musical styles such as reggaeton and bachata have also become popular.
Dominican Republic
Merengue tÃÆ'pico and Orchestra merengue have been popular in the Dominican Republic for decades, and are widely regarded as national music. Bachata is a more recent arrival, taking influence from Ecuador
Ecuador's traditional music can be classified as mestizo, Indian and Afro-Ecuadorian music. Mestizo music evolved from the interrelation between Spanish and Indian music. It has rhythms like pasacalles , pasillos , albazos and sanjuanitos , and is usually played with stringed instruments. There are also regional variations: beach styles, such as vals (similar to Vals Peruano (Waltz)) and music montubio (from coastal hill country).
Indian music in Ecuador is defined at various levels by the influence of the culture quichua . In it there is sanjuanitos (different from meztizo sanjuanito ), capishkas , danzantes and yaravis > me. The original music non-quichua ranges from TsÃÆ'¨chila Santo Domingo music (influenced by Afro-marimba neighbors) to the Amazon music group such as Shuar.
Ecuadorian black music can be classified into two main forms. The first type is black music from the coastal Esmeraldas province, and is characterized by marimba. The second variety is the black music of the Chota Valley in the northern Sierra (mainly known as Bomba del Chota), which is marked by the mestizo and Indian influence more clearly than the esmeraldeÃÆ' Â ± a . Most of these styles of music are also played by wind ensembles of various sizes at popular festivals throughout the country. Like other Latin American countries, Ecuador's music includes local-style international exponents: from opera, salsa and rock to cumbia, thrash metal and jazz.
El Salvador
Salvadoran music can be compared to the style of Colombian music known as cumbia . Popular styles in modern El Salvador (other than cumbia ) are salsa, Bachata, and Reggaeton. "The political turmoil ripped through the country in the early 20th century, and music was often suppressed, especially with strong indigenous influences.In the 1940s, for example, it was established that the dance called" Xuc "was a" national dance " created and led by Paquito Palaviccini and his Orquestra Internacional Polio. "In recent years reggaeton and hip hop have gained popularity, led by groups like Pescozada and Mecca.The Salvadoran music has an influenced music style by Maya music (played on the border of El Salvador-Guatemala, in Chalatenango).Other popular music styles that are not native to El Salvador are known as Punta, Belize, Guatemalan and Honduran styles.
Some of the prominent classical composers from El Salvador include Alex PanamÃÆ'¡, Carlos ColÃÆ'³n-Quintana, and CÃÆ'¡ceres Germany.
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guatemala has a very long musical tradition.
Haiti
Haitian music combines the influences drawn from the many people who settled on this Caribbean island. It reflects the French, African rhythms, elements of Spain and others who have inhabited the island of Hispaniola and little native Taino influence. Unique musical styles for the Haitian nation include music that comes from the tradition of Vodou ceremony, Rara paraded music, Twoubadou ballad, mini-rock jazz band, Rasin movement, Hip hop KreyÃÆ'²l, the very popular Compas, and MÃÆ'Â © ringue as its basic rhythm.
Growing in Haiti in the mid 1800s, the Haiti ring (known as mereng in creole) is considered to be the oldest surviving form of its kind today and is its national symbol. According to Jean Fouchard, it evolved from a mix of the genre of musical music (like chica and calenda ) with a ballroom form associated with French-Haitian Contancanse (< in creole). The name Mereng, he says, comes from the music of mouringue from Bara, the Bantu of Madagascar. That some Malagasy came to America raises doubts about this etymology, but this is important because it emphasizes what Fouchard (and most Haitian people) are considering the nature of music and national identities originating in Africa.
Very popular today is the compas, short for compas direct , a modern ringe made popular by Nemours Jean-Baptiste, on a recording released in 1955. The name is derived from compÃÆ'¡s , the Spanish word meaning rhythm or tone. It involves very fast tempo tempo with emphasis on electric guitar, synthesizer, and alto saxophone solo, horn section or synthesizer equivalent. In Creole, it's spelled as konpa dira¨k or just konpa . This is generally spelled because it is pronounced as kompa .
Honduras
Honduran music varies from Punta (local genre Garifunas) to Caribbean music such as salsa, merengue, reggae and reggaeton (all sounding widespread, especially in the north). Mexican ranchera music has many followers in the country's countryside. The capital of the ancient state of Comayagua is an important center for modern Honduran music, and is home to the College for Fine Arts.
Mexico
Mexico is probably one of the most musically diverse countries in the world. Each of its 31 states, the capital and each city of Mexico claim a unique musical style. The most representative genre is mariachi music. Although often mistaken for singers, mariachis musicians play very technical, structured, or fused music such as jarabe. Most of the mariachi music is sung in verses of prose poetry. Ranchera, Mexican country music, is different from mariachi because it is less technical and the lyrics are not sung in prose. Other regional music includes: jarocho children , son huasteco , cumbia sonidera , pop mexico, rock en espaÃÆ' Â ± ol , Mexican Stone and canto nuevo . There is also music based on sound made by dance (such as zapateada ).
Northeastern Mexico is home to another popular style called norteÃÆ' Â ± a , which assimilates Mexico ranchera with Colombia cumbia and is usually played with a Bavarian accordion and Bohemian influence polka. Variations of norteÃÆ' Â ± a include duranguense , tambora sinaloense , corridos and nortec (norteÃÆ' Â ± o-techno). The eastern part of the country uses a harp, typical of the son arocho style. Music in southern Mexico is specifically represented by the use of marimba, which originated in the Soconusco region between Mexico and Guatemala.
The north-central states have recently spawned Tecktonic-style music, combining electro and other dance genres with more traditional music.
Martinique and Guadeloupe
Nicaragua
The most popular musical style in Nicaragua is palo de Mayo , which is a type of dance music and festival where dance (and music) originated. Other popular music includes marimba, punta, Garifuna music, son nica, folk music, merengue, bachata and salsa.
Panama
Panamanian music is the result of mestizaje, It has happened over the last five hundred years between Iberian traditions, mainly from Andalusia, American Indians and people from West Africa. Mestizaje has been enriched by cultural exchanges caused by several migratory waves originating in Europe, in different parts of the Caribbean (mostly Barbados, Trinidad, Jamaica and Saint Lucia) in Asia and some points in South and North America. These migrations were caused by Spanish colonization of America, who were forced to use the Panama Imperial Route as an inter-ocean trade route, which included the slave trade (an institution abolished in Panama in 1851); For traffic, silver mine exploitation products at the Viceroyalty of Peru during the XVI and XVII centuries; For the legendary wealth of Fair of Portobelo, between the XVII and XVIII centuries; For the construction of the Trans-Tram Railway, beginning in 1850, and the Interoceanic Channel, initiated by France in 1879, was concluded by the United States in 1914 and expanded by Panama from 2007.
With this rich cultural heritage, Panama has contributed significantly to the development of Cumbia, Decima, Saloma Panama, Hall, Panama Bunde, bullerengue, Music Point, Tamborito, Marjoram, Panama Murga, Tamborera (Example: Guarare and Tambor de la Alegria) bolero , jazz, salsa, reggae and calypso, through composers like Nicolas Aceves NÃÆ'ºÃÆ' ± ez (hall, cumbia, tamborito, hall), Luis Russell (jazz), Ricardo FÃÆ'¡brega (bolero and Tamborera), Jose Luis Rodriguez VA ©  © lez (cumbia and bolero), Arturo "Chino" Hassan (bolero), Nando Boom (reggae), Lord Cobra (calypso), Ruba  © n Blades (salsa), Danilo PÃÆ' © rez (jazz), Vicente Gomez Gudia  ± o (hall), CÃÆ' © sar Alcedo, among others.
Paraguay
Paraguay music relies heavily on two instruments: the guitar and the harp, which are brought by the conquistadors and find their own voice in this country. Polka Paraguaya, which adopted its name from European dance, is the most popular type of music and has different versions (including galopa , krye'ÃÆ'¿ and canciÃÆ'³n Paraguaya , or "Paraguayan song"). The first two are faster and more cheerful than standard polka; the third is slightly slower and slightly melancholy. Other popular styles include purahÃÆ' Â © i jahe'o and compuesto (which tells a sad, epic or love story). Polka is usually based on poetic lyrics, but there are some Paraguayan music symbols (such as "PÃÆ'¡jaro Campana" , or "Songbird", by FÃÆ' Â © lix PÃÆ' Â © rez Cardozo).
Guarania is Paraguay's second most famous musical style, and was created by musician JosÃÆ'Â © AsunciÃÆ'³n Flores in 1925.
Peru
Peruvian music consists of indigenous, Spanish, and Western African influences. Afro-Peruvian Coastal Music is characterized by the use of cajÃÆ'³n peruano . Amerindian music varies by region and ethnicity. The most famous Amerindian style is huayÃÆ' Â ± o (also popular in Bolivia), played with instruments like charango and guitar. Mestizo music varies and includes the valet and marinera from the north coast.
Puerto Rico
The history of music on the island of Puerto Rico begins with its original inhabitants, TaÃÆ'nos. The TaÃÆ'no Indians have greatly influenced Puerto Rican culture, leaving behind important contributions such as their musical instruments, language, food, medicine and art. The heart of much of Puerto Rican music is the idea of ​​improvisation in both the music and the lyrics. A show takes on an additional dimension when the audience can anticipate the response from one player to the hard part of the music or the clever lyrics created by the other. When two singers, whether male or male and female, engage in vocal competition in mÃÆ'ºsica jÃÆ'bara this is a special kind of seis called controversy . Of all the exports of Puerto Rican music, the most famous is reggaeton. Bomba and plena have long been popular, while reggaetÃÆ'³n is a relatively recent invention. It is a form of contemporary urban music, often incorporating other Latin music styles, Caribbean music and the West Indies, (such as reggae, soca , Spanish reggae, salsa, merengue and bachata Tropikeo is a blend of R & B, Rap, Hip Hop, Funk and Techno Music in Tropical frame music salsa, where drum conga and/or drum timbales are the main source of rhythm of the song, along with heavy salsa "montuno" piano.Lyrics can be tapped or sung, or used to combine both styles, and dance in both styles Aguinaldo > from Puerto Rico is similar to Christmas carols, except that they are usually sung in parranda, which is somewhat like a living parade that moves from house to house in a neighborhood, looking for food and drink holidays, the melody is then used for improvisa tional dÃÆ' Â © cima and seis. There are aguinaldos that are usually sung in church or religious services, while there are more popular aguinaldos and sung in parrandas. Danza is a very sophisticated form of music that can vary greatly in his expression; they can be romantic or festive. The romantic Danzas have four sections, starting with a paseo of eight sizes followed by three themes of sixteen sizes each. The third theme usually includes solos by bombardino and, often, back to the first theme or coda at the end. The festive Danzas is a free form, with the only rule being the quick introduction and rhythm. Plena is a narrative song from the coastal area of ​​Puerto Rico, especially around Ponce, Puerto Rico. Its origins have been variously claimed as far back as 1875 and as late as 1920. As rural farmers moved to San Juan, Puerto Rico and other cities, they carried plena with them and eventually added horns and improvised calls and vocal responses. Lyrics deal mostly with current stories or happenings, though some people are soft-hearted or funny.
Venezuela
Llanera is a popular Venezuelan music coming from the plains of llanos , although a more lively and lively version of gaita is heard in western Venezuela (especially in the State of Zulia). There is also an African-influenced style that emphasizes drumming and dancing, and diverse styles such as music from the Guayana region (influenced by English-speaking neighboring countries) and Andean music from MÃÆ'Â © rida. Uruguay
Uruguayan music has roots similar to Argentina. Uruguay Tango and Milonga are popular styles, and folk music from along River Plate is indistinguishable from its Argentine colleagues. Uruguay rock and popular cancion (the pop and pop version of Uruguay) is a popular local form. Candombe , the drum style derived from African slaves in the area, is basically Uruguay (though played at a lower level in Argentina). It's most popular in Montevideo, but it may also be heard in a number of other cities.
Maps Music of Latin America
Popular styles
Nueva canciÃÆ'³n
Salsa
Based on Cuban music (especially Cuban children and son montuno) in rhythm, tempo, bass line, riff and instrumentation, Salsa represents the incorporation of musical styles including rock, jazz, and tradition other Latin American (and Puerto Rico) music. The modern salsa (as it is known worldwide) is forged in pan-Latin melon pan of New York City in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
Latin Trap
Latin Trap has become famous around 2015. It has the influence of American musical traps and reggaeton.
ReggaetÃÆ'³n
Reggaeton (also known as reggaetÃÆ'³n and reguetÃÆ'³n [1]) is a genre of music originating from Puerto Rico during the late 1990s. It is influenced by hip hop and Latin American and Caribbean music. Vocals include rap and singing, usually in Spanish.
Latin ballad
The Latin (or romantic) ballad is a Latin music genre dating from the 1960s. This ballad is very popular in American and Spanish Hispanics, and is characterized by a sensitive rhythm. The descendants of bolero , have several variants (such as salsa and cumbia ). Since the mid-20th century a number of artists have popularized this genre, such as Julio Iglesias, Luis Miguel, Enrique Iglesias, Alejandra ÃÆ' valos, Cristian Castro, and JosÃÆ'Â © JosÃÆ'Â ©.
Imported style
The style of importing popular music with Latin specialties includes Latin jazz, Argentinian and Chilean rock and Cuban and Mexican hip hop, all influenced by the style of the United States (jazz, rock and roll and hip hop). Music from non-Latin Caribbean sections is also popular throughout Latin America, especially Jamaican reggae and dub, Trinidadian chutney, calypso music and soci . Flamenco, rumba, pasodoble and fados of the Iberian peninsula are renowned for its Iberian heritage in Latin America.
See also
- Opera in Latin America
References
Further reading
- Torres, George (2013). Popular Latin American Encyclopedia . ABC-CLIO. ISBNÃ, 0-313-08794-6.
- Nettl, Bruno (1965). Folk and Traditional Music from the Western Continent . Prentice-Hall, Inc. ISBNÃ, 0-13-323247-6.
- SÃ © Ã © vigny, Jean-Pierre. Sierra NorteÃÆ' Â ± a: The Influence of Latin Music on Popular Songs and Popular French-Canadian Dances, Especially as Reflected in Alys Robi's Career and Pedagogy Maurice Lacasse-Morenoff . MontrÃÆ'Â © al: Productions Juke-Box, 1994. 13 p. N.B . Text published from paper prepared for, and presented on, March 12, 1994, conference, Popular Musical & amp; Identity (MontrÃÆ'Â © al, QuÃÆ' Â ©, 12-13 March 1994), under the auspices of the Canadian International Association Branch for Popular Music Studies.
- Stevenson, Robert (1952). Music in Mexico . Thomas Y. Crowell Company. ISBNÃ, 1-199-75738-1. Ã, , quoted in Nettl, p.Ã, 163.
- Boieras, Gabriel.; Cattani, Luciana. Maravilhas do Brasil: festas populares. Escrituras Editora, 2006. pp.Ã, 108. ISBNÃ, 8575312367
- Mularski, Jedrek. Music, Politics, and Nationalism in Latin America: Chile During the Cold War Era . Cambria Press, 2014. ISBNÃ, 9781604978889.
External links
- Latin American Music on the Open Directory Project
- Latin American Music and Culture Magazine
- Diaz-Ayala Music Collection of Cuba and Latin America
- The Strachwitz Frontera Collection of Mexican and Mexican American Recordings
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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