An audio engineer (also occasionally a recording engineer or a vocal engineer ) helps to generate recordings or performance, edit and adjust sound tracks using equalization and audio effects, mixing, reproduction, and sound reinforcement. Audio engineers work on "... the technical aspects of recording - microphone placement, pre-amp buttons, level settings.. The physical recording of each project is done by an engineer... nuts and bolts." It is a creative hobby and profession where musical instruments and technology are used to produce sound for movies, radio, television, music, and video games. Audio technicians also organize, check sound and perform live sound mixing using mixing consoles and sound reinforcement systems for music concerts, theaters, sports games, and corporate events.
Alternatively, an audio engineer may refer to a professional scientist or engineer holding a degree of engineer and who designs, develops and builds audio or music technology working under requirements such as acoustic engineering, electronic/electrical engineering or (music ) signal processing.
Video Audio engineer
Research and development
Research and development of audio engineers creates new technologies, tools and techniques, to improve the process and art of audio engineering. They may design room acoustic simulations, form algorithms for audio signal processing, define requirements for public address systems, conduct research on audible sounds for video game console manufacturers, and other advanced audio engineering fields. They may also be referred to as acoustic engineers.
Education
Audio engineers working in research and development can come from backgrounds such as acoustics, computer science, broadcast engineering, physics, acoustic engineering, electrical engineering and electronics. Audio engineering courses at universities or colleges fall into two crude categories: (i) training in the use of creative audio as a sound engineer, and (ii) training in science or engineering topics, which then allow students to apply these concepts while pursuing development career of audio technology. Audio training courses give you good knowledge of their technology and applications to record studio and sound reinforcement systems, but lack enough mathematical and scientific content to enable you to get a job in research and development in the audio and acoustic industry.
Audio engineers in research and development usually have a bachelor's degree, a master's degree or a higher qualification in acoustics, physics, computer science or other engineering disciplines. They may work in acoustic consultants, specializing in architectural acoustics. Or they may work in audio companies (eg headphone manufacturers), or other industries that require audio expertise (eg, car manufacturers), or do research at a university. Some positions, such as faculty (academic staff) require a Doctor of Philosophy. In Germany an Toningenieur is an audio engineer who designs, builds and improves audio systems.
Sub-disciplines
The subdisciplines listed are based on PACS (Physics and Astronomy Classification Scenarios) used by the Acoustical Society of America with some revisions.
Audio signal processing
Audio engineers develop audio signal processing algorithms to enable electronic manipulation of audio signals. It can be processed in the heart of many audio productions such as reverberation, Auto-Tune or perceptual coding (eg mp3 or Opus). Alternatively, the algorithm may perform an echo cancellation on Skype, or identify and categorize an audio track through Music Information Retrieval (for example, Shazam).
Architectural acoustics
Architectural acoustics is the science and technique for achieving good sound in the room. For audio engineers, architectural acoustics can be about achieving good speech clarity in the stadium or improving the quality of music in the theater. Acoustic Architecture Design is usually done by an acoustic consultant.
Electroacoustics
Electroacoustics deals with the design of headphones, microphones, loudspeakers, sound reproduction systems, and recording technology. Examples of electroacoustic designs include portable electronic devices (eg mobile phones, portable media players, and tablet computers), sound systems in architectural acoustics, cinema surround sound and vehicle audio.
Acoustic music
Acoustic music deals with research and describes the science of music. In audio engineering, this includes the design of electronic instruments such as synthesizers; human voice (physics and neurophysiology of singing); computer audio analysis; music therapy, and perception and cognition of music.
Psychoacoustics
Psychoacoustics is a scientific study of how humans respond to what they hear. At the heart of audio engineering is the listener who became the last arbiter, whether the audio design is successful, such as whether the binaural record sounds immersive.
Speech
Production, computer processing and speech perception are an important part of audio engineering. Ensure that conversations are transmitted intelligently, efficiently, and of high quality; in rooms, through public address systems and through mobile phone systems is an important field of study.
Maps Audio engineer
Practitioner
Various terms are used to describe audio engineers who install or operate sound recordings, sound reinforcement, or voice broadcasting equipment, including large and small format consoles. Terms such as "audio technician," "sound engineer," "audio engineer," "audio technologist," "recording engineer," "sound mixer" and "voice engineer" could be ambiguous; depending on the context they may be identical, or they may refer to different roles in audio production. Such terms may refer to a person who works in the production of sound and music; for example, "sound engineer" or "recording engineer" is usually listed in commercial music recording credits (as well as in other productions that include sounds, like movies). These titles may also refer to technicians who maintain professional audio equipment. Certain jurisdictions specifically prohibit the use of title engineers to individuals who are not registered members of the professional engineering license body.
In Germany, "Tontechniker" (audio engineer) is the person who operates the audio equipment and "Tonmeister" (the master of sound) is the person who makes the recording or the music broadcast, both of which are trained in music (in classical and non-musical). -classical genre), and which also has a detailed theoretical and practical knowledge of almost every aspect of sound.
Education and training
Audio engineers come from backgrounds or postsecondary training in areas such as audio, art, broadcasting, music, or electrical engineering. Training in audio engineering and sound recording is offered by colleges and universities. Some audio engineers are self-taught without formal training, but who have attained professional skills in audio through extensive work experience.
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Audio technicians should have extensive knowledge of audio engineering principles and techniques. For example, they must understand how the audio signal travels, which equipment is used and when, how to set different instruments and amplifiers, which microphone to use and how to position them to get the best quality footage. In addition to technical knowledge, an audio engineer must have the ability to solve problems quickly. The best audio engineers also have a high level of creativity that lets them stand out among their peers. In the field of music, an audio engineer must also understand the types of sounds and tones that are expected in music groups in various genres - rock and pop music for example. Knowledge of this style of music is usually learned from years of experience listening and mixing music in recording or live voice contexts. For education and training, there are audio engineering schools worldwide. In North America, the most famous is Full Sail University in Winter Park, Florida, United States, and OIART (Institut Teknologi Rekaman Audio Ontario) in London, Canada.
Practitioner
In a recording studio environment, a sound engineer records, edits, manipulates, mixes, or controls the voice in a technical way to realize the creative vision of the recording artist and producer. Though usually associated with music production, a voice-related audio expert for various applications, including post-production for video and movies, direct voice reinforcement, advertising, multimedia, and broadcasting. In larger production, an audio engineer is responsible for the technical aspects of sound recording or other audio production, and works with a record producer or director, although the role of the engineer can also be integrated with the manufacturer. In smaller productions and studios, sound engineers and producers are often the same people.
In typical voice reinforcement applications, audio engineers often regard the role of the producer, make artistic and technical decisions, and sometimes even budget scheduling and decisions.
Female role
According to Women's Audio Mission (WAM), a San Francisco-based nonprofit dedicated to women's progress in music production and recording art, less than 5% of people who create voice and media are women. "Only three women have ever been nominated for the best producers in the Brits or the Grammys" and no one won the award. "Women who want to enter [produce] the field face boys clubs, or union mentality". The British Music Producers Association says less than 4% of its members are women "and at the Performing Arts Institute of Liverpool,"... only 6% of students enrolled in a sound technology course are women. "
The Mission of Women's Audio began in 2003 to address the shortage of women in professional audio by training more than 6,000 women and girls in recording art and is the only professional recording studio built and run by women. Famous recording projects include Grammy Award Kronos Quartet, Angelique Kidjo (Grammy winner 2014), author Salman Rushdie, soundtrack nominated by Academy Award for "Dirty Wars", Van-Ahn Vo (top 50 NIV album of 2013), Grammy -nominated St. Lawrence Quartet, and world music artist Tanya Tagaq and Wu Man.
One of the first women to produce, engineer, organize and promote music on her own rock and roll music label was Cordell Jackson (1923-2004). Trina Shoemaker is the first recording artist, record producer and sound engineer to win the Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album in 1998 for her work at The Globe Sessions.
Gail Davies is '... the first female producer in country music, giving a row of Top 10 hits in the 70s and' 80s including 'Someone Seeking People Like You,' 'Blue Heartache' and 'I'll Be There' If You Want Me). "When she moved to Nashville in 1976, the man"... did not want to work for a woman "and she was told the woman in the town was" still barefoot, pregnant and [singing] in the vocal booth. "
Wendy Waldman, who became a producer after Davies, saw that Davies was having a hard time. When Jonell Polansky arrived in Nashville in 1994, with a degree in electrical engineering and record experience in the Bay Area, he was told "... [y] you are a woman, and we already have one" - a reference to Waldman. KK Proffitt, who is a "owner and chief engineer" of the studio stated that men in Nashville do not want to have women in the recording booth. At the Audio Engineering Society meeting, Proffitt was told to "be quiet" by a male producer when he raised the issue of updating studio recording technology. Proffitt said he found "... finding sexism rampant in the industry".
Other famous women include:
- Sylvia Robinson, early hip hop music producer
- Susan Rogers, engineer for Purple Rain
- Genya Ravan, producer of The Dead Boys' Young, Loud and Snotty ;
- Delia Derbyshire, British electronic pioneer
- Lari White, co-producer at Toby Keith White Trash With Money
- Leslie Ann Jones
- BeyoncÃÆ' Â ©, for I... Sasha Fierce .
Sub-disciplines
There are four different steps to producing recording commercially: recording, editing, mixing, and mastering. Typically, each is performed by a sound engineer who specializes only in that part of production.
- Studio engineers - engineers working in studio facilities, either with producers or independently.
- Recorder engineers - engineers who record sound.
- Assistant engineers - often working in larger studios, allowing them to practice being full-time engineers. They often help full-time engineers with microphone settings, session interruptions and in some cases, coarse mixes.
- Mixer engineer - the one who makes the mixed multi-track recording. It is common to record commercial records in one studio and make it mixed by various engineers in other studios.
- Mastering engineers - people who master the final mixed stereo track (or sometimes a series of audio rods, consisting of a mixture of main parts) produced by a mixed engineer. The masterful engineer makes final adjustments to the overall sound of the recording in the final step before commercial duplication. Mastering engineers use the principle of equalization, compression, and restrictions to perfect the timbre of sound and dynamics and to achieve a harder recording.
- Audio/sound designers - are widely artists that produce sound tracks or sound effect content for media.
- Direct sound engineer
- Front of House (FOH) engineer, or A1. - Someone deals with the reinforcement of the voices of life. This usually involves the planning and installation of loudspeakers, cabling and equipment and sound mixing during the show. This may or may not include running foldback sound. The live/sound amplifier engineers hear the source material and try to correlate the sonic experience with system performance.
- wireless microphone engineer, or A2. This position is responsible for wireless microphones during theatrical production, sporting events, or corporate events.
- Foldback Technician or Monitor - the person who runs the foldback sound during the live broadcast. The term "foldback" is derived from the old habit of "re-folding" the audio signal from the front of the house (FOH) mixing the console to the stage so that the musician can hear it himself when performing. Monitor engineers typically have separate audio systems from FOH engineers and manipulate audio signals independently of what the audiences hear so they can meet the requirements of each player on stage. In-ear systems, digital and analog mixing consoles, and various speaker enclosures are commonly used by monitor technicians. In addition, most monitor technicians must be familiar with wireless or RF equipment (radio frequency) and must communicate privately with the artist (s) during each performance.
- System engineers - responsible for modern PA system design settings, which are often very complex. A system engineer is usually also referred to as the "crew chief" on the tour and is responsible for the performance and daily work needs of the entire audio crew along with the FOH audio system. This is the only sound position related to implementation, not to be confused with the interdisciplinary field of systems engineering, which usually requires a bachelor's degree.
- Record Mixers - post-production people mixing audio tracks for movies or television programs.
Tools
An audio engineer is proficient with various types of recording media, such as analogue tape, digital multi-track recorder and workstation, and computer knowledge. With the advent of the digital age, it is increasingly important for audio engineers to understand the integration of software and hardware, from synchronization to analog to digital transfer. In their daily work, audio technicians use many tools, including:
- Ribbon machine
- Analog-to-digital converter
- Digital-to-analog converter
- Digital audio workstations (DAWs)
- Dynamic range compressor
- Audio data compressor
- Subliminal
- Signal processor
- Microphone
- Preamplifier
- Mixing the console
- Amplifiers
- Loudspeaker
Record a record engineer
Master the record engineer
Sound engineer directly from note
See also
References
External links
- Audio Engineering Society
- Machine engineering formula and calculator
- Engineer interview video
- Collection of free online audio tools for audio technicians
- An online Audio Technique course under the Creative Commons License
- Audio White Papers, Articles and Books
- The Audio Engineering School Directory
- AES Pro Audio Reference
- Audio Engineers Freelancer Marketplace
- Audio Techniques, Tutorials, and Interview Articles
- Audio Engineer Salary Survey
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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