Backpacking ultralight is a backpacking style that emphasizes bringing the lightest and simplest teeth possible for a given trip. Bottom Weight (backpack plus inner and outside tooth loads, excluding consumables such as food, water and fuel, which varies depending on duration and travel style) minus as much as possible, although weight reduction of consumables is also applied.
Although there are no technical standards, the term light and ultralight generally refers to backpackers and equipment that reach a bottom weight below 10 pounds (4.5 kg) and 5 pounds (2.3 kg) each in the United States, 3 Season; elsewhere the definition is generally given as light weight below 15 kg, and ultralight is below 10 kg. By comparison, traditional backpacking practices often produce a base weight over 30 pounds (14 kg), and sometimes up to 60 pounds (27 kg).
Video Ultralight backpacking
Histori
Ultralight backpacking was popularized by rock climber Ray Jardine, whose 1992 book PCI Hiker's Handbook, later titled Beyond Backpacking in 1999, laid the groundwork for many of the techniques used by ultralight backpackers today.. Jardine claimed its first Pacific Crest Trail by climbing with a base weight of 12.5 pounds (5.7 kg), and by third PCT through that increase below 9.0 pounds (4.1 kg).
Before modern equipment makes it easy, there are pedestrians who embrace "ultralight" mentality. In the late 1800s, George W. Sears (a.k.a. "Nessmuk") climbed and paddled across the Appalachian region with only waxed coated canvas laces, walking sticks/ridgepole, small saucers, and a special double-bladed ax. She laid the basics of ultra-light backpacking in her brief book in 1884, "Woodcraft", which is still printed today.
Another early pioneer was Grandma Gatewood, who climbed the Appalachian Trail in 1955 with only a backpack containing army blankets, plastic sheets, umbrellas and other very simple fixtures much lighter than the usual heavy equipment among them. > thru-hikers at that time.
Maps Ultralight backpacking
Philosophy and process
By bringing lighter and more versatile equipment, ultralight backpacker aims to reach more distances per day with less damage to the body. This is very useful when through long-hiking trails. Many adherents suggest the following steps (in the order of weight and lowest cost):
- Reduce the weight of each item. Modify items to reduce excess weight, replace items manufactured using heavy materials with items made of lighter ones, and exchange full featured items for minimalist (and therefore lighter) items. Based on the actual weight that must be stored, one can trade with cost, effectiveness, reliability, lifetime, etc.
- Considering everything. The implied, but often ignored, requirement is to first consider each item and record its weight. Only precisely before and after weights can one optimize the total package weight.
- Bring less. Take out unnecessary items such as camp chairs, coffee makers, electronic gadgets, clothing items, etc.
- Share the equipment with others. For example, four people sleep in a four-person tent, one stove for 2-4 people, etc.
- Exchange equipment for skills through reading and practice. Greater skills in using the environment and the equipment, the less tools that need to be taken. For example, knowing exactly where to find water, one does not need to carry much.
- Trim your feet . Hiking boots are usually cheaper and lighter than hiking boots.
- Rethink, Reduce, and Repack. Just bring what you need for fuel travel, sunblock, rope, battery, lotion, etc. This often means repackaging of goods.
- Versatile. Try to find items that work well for different tasks, such as bandana, poncho tent, climbing tent pole, mitten wool socks, etc.
- Change gears. Only in this last step, buy/borrow a lighter weight machine. Begin with living, sleeping, and carrier systems (usually called Big Three) which may include tents/tarps/bivies, sleeping bags/blankets, sleeping mats, and backpacks). Lastly, think about a short toothbrush.
All of these efforts can produce basic backpacking weights that are under six pounds (3 kg). Although focusing on packet weight is common, ultralight travel philosophy applies to the person (eg trim vs obese) and everything done (eg, Weight is exhausted).
Weight
Weight on one's foot (from socks, boots, etc.) It takes 4-6x times more energy to move than the same weight on one's back. Minimizing the weight of footwear is the most efficient way to reduce the number of calories burned by pedestrians (eg food carried), pressure on the body, etc. For example, Granny Gatewood wears Keds rather than army boots.
Basic package
Rain shelter, sleeping systems, and backpacks are considered the three main items brought by the backpackers. As a result, reducing this weight will reduce the overall package weight.
Rainforest
The most commonly used rain shelters are tents, but these are relatively heavy for a number of reasons. They are often designed from two layers of fabric (to address internal condensation problems), often requiring the use of poles and metal stakes, and sometimes including separate ground soils to protect the bottom of the tent. Replacing a double-wall tent with a simple combination of tarp and bivy will reduce not only the weight but also the volume carried in the backpack. Other methods of reducing the weight of the shelter include a hybrid tarpaulin sheet, a hammock, a poncho-tarpaulin, or the use of an Alpine-style bivy sack as the only shelter. Although the lightest shelter system is tarpaulins, there is a shelter between the main heavy tents like a buoy that requires less skill to use than a tarpaulin. Generally due to decreased weight, the skills to use shelters safely increase.
Sleep system
The second weight reduction of the big three, the sleep system, is achieved through the reduction of the quantity of fabric used in its manufacture or through the use of lighter materials in its construction. Down is a lighter insulating material based on volume than the currently available synthetic fibers, which will reduce bag weight, but are vulnerable to attic losses caused by moisture. The overall weight of the sleeping bag can be reduced by removing excessive material. An example is the use of a blanket sleeper or a top bag. The sleeping blanket is a blanket that has no bottom that has no insulation on the underside, depending on the bedding of the user to prevent the loss of conductive heat into the soil. The upper pouch is more like a conventional sleeping bag that wraps the entire user's body but the bottom fabric does not contain any insulation. The philosophy behind these two alternatives is that the isolation that is destroyed under a person's weight has no air and is therefore useless. Some of the bottom bins are modernized through baffled and under-filled so users can shift all the insulations to the top of their body so as to maximize their potential to retain heat. The ultralight climbers also tend to carry bags that are rated warmer than traditional heavy backpackers, which make the difference on cold nights by wearing isolated clothing to the bed, such as balaclava or isolated jackets. The choice of the right camp location that avoids cold hollows (the low point where cold air tends to collect) or that uses natural wind barriers such as thick vegetation or cliffs makes a difference in the heat lost by lighter teeth.
Backpack
With a lighter shelter and sleeping system, the backpack may consist of lighter material and a lighter frame or no frame at all. The common ultralight alternative to the internal frame package is a borderless package made of nylon ripstop, silnylon, or Dyneema, or cubic fiber, with a carrying limit of 25 pounds (11 kg). The internal-frame package can weigh up to 6 pounds (2.7 kg) with features such as hip belt stabilizers, lifting ropes, sternal straps, and compression ropes; ultralight bundled packages are commercially available in weights ranging from eight to fourteen ounces (200-400 g) and can consist of nothing more than sacks with shoulder straps, back to the simplicity of the backpack. The Jardine book includes instructions for creating your own "ultralight package".
Some backpackers choose to make their own gear. The advantages to such an approach include the possibility of cost reduction and the opportunity to customize equipment for individual users. In addition, if home-made goods break down, pedestrians will be in a better position to fix it. Finally, commercial producers often opt for heavier and more durable materials for their products to reduce the amount of maintenance and maintenance the user needs (and minimize the return of damaged teeth). Given proper care, the homemade light teeth can last as long as needed.
Example
Jardine:
- Backpack: homemade "ultralight pack" (13.5 ounces (380 g))
- Sleeping system: homemade thick blanket polarguard 2 inches (5.1Ã, cm) (33 ounces (940Ã, g)); stowbag (1.75 ounces (50 g)); trimmed / 8 -inch (9.5 mm) thick, 36 inches (91 cm) long, polyethylene covered cell pad (4.8 ounces (140 g)); spatial blanket earth plate (1.25 ounces (35 g))
- Rain shelter: homemade 9-foot (2.7 m) with 7-feet (2.1 m) silnylon tarpaulin (12 ounces (340 g)); 8 aluminum tents and stowbag (2.6 ounces (74 g)); cable guyline (0.5 oz (14 g))
- Total: 69.4 ounces (1.97 kg; 4.34 pounds)
Jordan:
- Backpacks: commercial "ultralight package" (3.7 ounces (100 g))
- Sleep system: commercial sleeping bags below 2.5 inches (5.7 cm) (15.2 ounces (430 g)); spinnaker cloth sack items (.5 ounces (14 g)); size, 3 / 8 -inch (9.5 mm) thick, sleeping mat (1,9 ounces (54 g) Rain shelter: commercial ponco-tarp is made of 5-foot (1.5 m) spinnaker cloths of 8-feet (2.4 m) (6, 3 ounce (180Ã, Â °) g)); silnylon bivy sack (6,2 ounce (180 g)); 6 pole titanium tents (1,3 ounces (37 g)); 24 feet (7.3 m) UHMWP (0.2 ounces (5.7 g))
- Total: 35.3 oz (1.00 kg; 2.21 lbs)
Other supplies
The remaining teeth (such as ten essentials and survival tools) carried by ultralight backpackers follow the same philosophy of replacing traditional backpacking gears with lighter options. Replacement includes:
- Make a fire instead of carrying a stove.
- Light alcohol stoves such as beverage cans or solid fuel stoves instead of heavier gas stoves
- A single cooking pot ("billycan") with a single spoon instead of a traditional clutter kit
- There are no stoves and key appliances, depending on food without a recipe for food
- Traces of running or running shoes instead of hiking boots, and light nylon socks rather than thick woolen socks.
- The minimal amount of extra clothes may be safe.
- Plastic bags or silnylon, not conventional (and heavier) packs that traditional backpackers can carry.
- A blade razor instead of a 1-ounce (28 g) pocket knife or heavy Leatherman multi-tool style or a Swiss army knife.
- Chemical disinfectant water treatment (iodine tablets, chlorine dioxide) rather than heavier water filters.
- Plastic Soft drinks or soft plastic bottles instead of heavier nalgene or lexan bottles or hydration packs.
- 0.25-ounce (7.1 g) LED light instead of a flashlight or heavy headlight.
Out
In addition to carrying equipment, pedestrians must also carry consumables such as water and food, and in some cases fuel. Some ultralight backpackers save weight by resupplying these items more often. On long-distance lanes with multiple access points, some ultralight pedestrians choose to place food caches or stop at stores to supply consumables at frequent intervals, allowing only two or three days of food to be brought in place of more load big.
Water
Water can be a significant contributor to weight because moderate activity in moderate climates requires 2 liters of drinking water per day, weighing 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds). When traveling through areas with many springs and streams, some ultralight pedestrians can carry at least 350 milliliters (12Ã, USÃ, flÃ, oz) of water, or not at all, provided the pedestrian is confident on how far a reliable source of water the next is and expected weather conditions, but in other areas climbers must meet all of their water needs, and can only minimize the weight of the container.
Some ultralight pedestrians reduce the weight of water purifiers, brought in to prevent waterborne diseases such as Giardiasis, Cryptosporidiosis and dysentery, carrying lighter disinfectants than filters or Ultra Violet (UV) treatment devices. Some pedestrians do not carry any filtration devices at all.
Food
Once the "Big Three" and water are completed, food becomes the largest contributor to packing weight and areas where substantial benefits over traditional backpacking can be done.
The need for metabolic rate of food calorie basal (one calorie of food is 1000 calories of heat, so sometimes labeled kkal) is about 1000 per day per 100 pounds of body weight. But business in the form of climbing consumes additional calories; eg the standard US Army field ration is 4500 kcal per day for heavy work. So depending on the type of food that pedestrians normally do, pedestrians need about 2 pounds (4.4 pounds) of food per day. The ultralight technique can reduce this weight substantially, Jardine recommends 2.5 pounds (1.1 kg) per day for hiking, Jordan recommends 1.25 pounds (0.57 kg) per day (at 125 calories per ounce, 4.4 calories per gram) for 3 - A set of 3 day backpacks.
Many foods can be dried or dehydrated to reduce water weight. Dry foods can be purchased or dehydrated at home. On the road, rehydration can usually be done by cooking in hot water. Some ultralight pedestrians lose weight by not bringing stoves and rehydrated food in containers with water (although this method takes more time for rehydration than traditional cooking methods). For example, ramen noodles, refried dehydrated seeds (in powdered form), or dehydrated hummus can be incorporated into a plastic bag or a lightweight disposable microwave plastic container with water for rehydration. Oats (sprinkled or rolled, granola or muesli) and barley also become quite soft with soaking to eat raw as raw food. The Tsampa is a simple, tasteless, light meal made from flour used for centuries by the wandering Tibetan monks.
Weight in the form of food can also be reduced by choosing foods that have the highest calorie-to-weight ratio. Proteins and carbohydrates have about 4 kcal per gram whereas fat has 9 kcal per gram, so bringing foods high in fat content can reduce weight, such as:
- Peanut butter (5.89 kcal/gram)
- Nuts (pecans 6.87 kcal/gram, roasted coconut 5.92 kcal/gram)
- Pemican (5.7 kcal/gram)
- Dried whole egg (5.92 kcal/gram)
Clarification of butter (anhydrous), which stores both unrefrigerated, almost pure fat (8.76 kcal/gram), resulting in about 4,000 kcal per pound; However, this is also a strong bear attractant.
The average "energy bars" contain more protein and carbohydrates than fat, similar to fig newton (3.68 kcal/gram), which lowered the caloric ratio to relative weight against other choices.
Food protection
In some parts of the US, approved feed container storage is required for pedestrians, which will add between 1 Â £ 9 oz (710 g) and 3 pounds (1.4 kg) to the weight of the base package. These areas include parts of Yosemite National Park, Rocky Mountain National Park and the East High Peak Zone.
See also
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments