Monopotassium phosphate , MKP , (also potassium dihydrogenphosphate , KDP , or monobasic potassium phosphate ), KH 2 PO 4 , are potassium-soluble salts and dihydrogen phosphate ions used as fertilizers, food additives and fungicides. It is a source of phosphorus and potassium. It is also a buffer agent. When used in a mixture of fertilizers with urea and ammonium phosphate, it minimizes ammonia runaway by keeping acidity at a relatively low level.
Single crystals are paraelectric at room temperature. At temperatures below -150 Â ° C (-238 Â ° F) they become ferroelectric.
Video Monopotassium phosphate
Structure
Monopotassium phosphate can exist in some polymorphs. At room temperature it forms paraelectric crystals with tetragonal symmetry. After cooling to -150 ° C, it transforms into a ferroelectric phase of orthorhombic symmetry, and the transition temperature shifts to -50 ° C when hydrogen is replaced by deuterium. Heating to 190 ° C transforms its structure into monoclinic. When heated further, MKP decomposes, by water loss, to potassium metaphosphate, KPO 3 , at 400 Ã, Â ° C (752 Ã, Â ° F).
Maps Monopotassium phosphate
Manufacturing
Monopotassium phosphate is produced by the action of phosphoric acid in potassium carbonate.
Apps
The fertilizer MKP fertilizer class contains the equivalent of 52% P 2 O 5 and 34% K 2 O, and labeled NPK 0-52 -34. MKP powders are often used as a source of nutrition in the greenhouse and hydroponics trade.
As a crystal, MKP is known for its non-linear optical properties. Used in optical modulator and for non-linear optics such as second-generation harmonics (SHG).
Also noteworthy is KD * P , potassium dideuterium phosphate, with slightly different properties. Highly castrated KDP is used in nonlinear frequency conversion from laser light rather than PPP protonate (regular) due to the fact that the replacement of protons with deuterons in the crystals shifts the third note from stretching the strong OH molecule to a longer wavelength, removing it largely. from fundamental line coverage on ~ 1064 nm neodymium based laser. Regular KDP has an absorbance at this wavelength of about 4.7-6.3%/cm thickness while KDP is highly opposite having an absorbance usually less than 0.8%/cm.
Gallery
References
External links
- International Chemical Safety Card 1608
- EPA: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate Fact Sheet
- Potassium Phosphate - Hydroculture Salt
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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